Memo

I agree the Necessity of Diversity in University.
I prefer the C language. Yeah, I am C言人 or C原人.
"Too simple is the worst". What do you think about this?
C: Comparison of compling options with gcc and icc on linux. Not completed.
sed: Delimitar is arbitrary. The character after "s" is used as the delimitar. This is used to avoid the error message "unknown option to `s'". Also, one does not have to 'escape' the slash, which is the default(?) delimitar.
Aspell: How to recognise a new command that should be ignored by Aspell. Add the following line to ~/.aspell.conf or /etc/aspell.conf:
```
add-tex-command xxx op # for example, xxx="autoref"
```
Latex 'numprint' package: Unexpected behaviour of numprint command. This issue was resolved quickly thanks to some texnitians.

screen: To show the status on the bottom of the window, add the following lines:

hardstatus alwayslastline "%{.bW}%-w%{.rW}%n %t%{-}%+w %=%{..G} %H %{..Y} %Y %m/%d %C%a "
hardstatus off

Emacs auto-complete: First of all, you may install auto-install.el according to this page. And then, this page tells us how to install auto-complete.el.

turbostat: How to know if Turbo Boost is working?

wget http://mirror.linux.org.au/linux/kernel/people/lenb/acpi/utils/pmtools-latest/turbostat/turbostat.c
wget http://mirror.linux.org.au/linux/kernel/people/lenb/acpi/utils/pmtools-latest/turbostat/Makefile
make
./turbostat -v  # Root priviledge is necessary

Acrobat Reader: How to show the menu bar? Press "Ctrl+h".
Emacs: with Anthy sudo apt-get install anthy-el
Linux: Burn CD/DVD growisofs -dvd-compat -speed=12 -Z /dev/dvdrw=XXX.iso
FFmpeg: A complete, cross-platform solution to record, convert and stream audio and video. For example,
```
$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 output.avi
```

Valgrind: How to profile memory usage using valgrind?

$ valgrind --tool=massif ./a.out
$ ms_print massif.out.pid | less

Awesome!

Linux: How to check Intel Turbo boost?

TeX: Easies?t way to delete a column?

%\usepackage{array} % necessary?
\newcolumntype{H}{>{\setbox0=\hbox\bgroup}c<{\egroup}@{}}
\begin{tabular}{cHcc}
  t & e & x & t      % e does not appear
\end{tabular}

\newcolumntype{H}{>{\iffalse}c<{\fi}@{}}

works too.

iso to DVD: growisofs -dvd-compat -speed=8 -Z /dev/dvd=hoge.iso, where /dev/dvd is a DVD device and hoge.iso is an image file to be written.
TeX: ! No room for a new \count. Use "\usepackage{etex}". This error occured when I was trying to use numprint package. etex worked for this case.
TeX+Tikz: latex -> dvips -> ps2pdf rather than pdflatex. Not platex, but latex. I'm not sure this works for any syle file though.
gcc: Print information whether an optimization is successfully applied or not. Use -fopt-info-vec-{optimized,missed,note} or -fopt-info-vec-all. This option is valid for recent versions including 4.9.
LAPACK: It looks necessary to use the recursive option, i.e., -frecursive for gfortran and -recursive for ifort, to build the LAPACK as well as BLAS. Note that -fopenmp automatically sets -frecursive option. I am not sure, but the caller functions must be compiled with such a recursive option.
Intel MKL: Intel MKL linke line advisor This may be useful. I need more information for liking though.
Linux: "tail -f" says "no space on device" Add "fs.inotify.max_user_watches = 32768" to /etc/sysctl.conf and then "sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.conf"
make: Shell commands in makefile For example, one can substitute the result of 'ls' command into a vaiable 'LS' by "LS=$(shell ls)" and then use the variable like "echo ${LS}". Note that if "LS=$(ls)$" is used, the 'ls' command is evaluated when ${LS} is expanded. (I am not sure, but the result looks so.)
Acrobat reader: How to show the missing "Menu bar"? Press F8 key.

TeX: Beamer with Japanese

\documentclass[dvipdfm]{beamer}
  platex foo
  dvipdfmx foo.dvi

Linux: Rename files Format: rename from to file(s). Example: rename foo FOO foo*.txt
C/C++: How to list compiler predefined macros For example, {icc|gcc} -dM -E -x c /dev/null
g++: Square root of complex numbers and this
Duplicity: duplicity /usr scp://host.net/target_dir
C: -mfp-trap-mode=n (gcc), -fp-trap=all (icc)
C: glibc online manual
C: Useful macros provided by math.h: __isinf(x), __isnan(x), or fpclassify(x)
C: clog(z1 * z2) != clog(z1) + clog(z2)
Gnuplot: "Wheel" = down/up; "Shift+wheel" = left/right
firefox: howto install Firefox 24 on Fedora 19/18/17/16/15/14, CentOS 6.4/6.3/6.2/6.1/6 and Red Hat (RHEL) 6.4/6.3/6.2/6.1/6 using YUM: Thanks god!
TeX: A period after an abbreviation is the same as an end of sentence period?: It seems that the resolution is ... hmmm... See how to implement "etc." correctly, that is,
```
\makeatletter
\newcommand\etc{etc\@ifnextchar.{}{.\@}}
\makeatother
```
Evince: How to open the same pdf in multiple windows?: "File -> Open a copy" or "Ctrl+n"

TeX: printing floating-point numbers and rounding numbers:

cd /usr/share/texmf/tex/generic
unzip (path)/numprint.zip
mktexlsr

Here is an example:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{numprint}

% If you want to use English notations (See Section 6)
%\documentclass[english]{article}
%\usepackage[autolanguage]{numprint}

\begin{document}

\npthousandsep{} % See Section 8.1.1 (instead of autolanguage option)
\npdecimalsign{.}
\npproductsign{\times}

$\numprint{+-3.1415927e-3.1}$ % looks like $\pm 3.1415927 \times 10^{-3.1}$
\nprounddigits{2} % Enables to round numbers hereafter
$\numprint{1.123}$ % 1.12
$\numprint{1.149}$ % 1.15
$\numprint{1}$ % 1.00
\npnoround % Disables to round numbers hereafter
\npaddplus % Enables to add the plus sign hereafter
$\numprint{1.123}$ % +1.123
$\numprint{-1.123}$ % -1.123
\npnoaddplus % Disables to add the plus sign hereafter
$\numprint{1.123}$ % +1.123

\end{document}

TeX: How to "do nothing"? I have been annoyed by my macro \def\DEL#1{} because it can put a slight space. However, I have realised that \def\DEL#1{\hspace 0pt} works better! I think there is an intrinsic command to do nothing though.

pgfplots: How to install pgfplots properly?

rm -rf /usr/share/texmf/tex/generic/pgfplots
rm -rf /usr/share/texmf/tex/latex/pgfplots
rm -rf /usr/share/texmf/tex/plain/pgfplots
rm -rf /usr/share/texmf/tex/context/third/pgfplots
cd /usr/share/texmf
unzip pgf_1.8.tds.zip
mktexlsr

bash&awk: Round real numbers

function sg()
{
    local num=$1
    local val=$(echo ${num} | awk '{printf("%d\n", $1*10+0.5)}' | awk '{printf("%f\n", $1/10)}')
    echo ${val}
}

sg 1.12
sg 1.13
sg 1.14
sg 1.15
sg 1.16
sg 1.17

Then, you will obtain

1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.2

pgf: How to install pgf (tikz) properly?

rm -rf /usr/share/texmf/tex/generic/pgf
rm -rf /usr/share/texmf/tex/latex/pgf
rm -rf /usr/share/texmf/tex/plain/pgf
rm -rf /usr/share/texmf/tex/context/third/pgf
cd /usr/share/texmf
unzip pgf_2.10.tds.zip
mktexlsr

If you don't remove the above files, you will see the following error message:

! Undefined control sequence.
l.875 \pgfsetsnakesegmenttransformation
                                       {\pgf@snake@mirror\pgf@snake@raise}

Dropbox: Dropbox's command-line interface; dropbox {status|start|stop|help|etc..}
Dropbox: If you cannot syncronise with the server at all, select "Preferences" in the menu, open "Account", and press "Unlink This Computer". Then, you can update all the files.
Bash: How to implement a rotaing bar? Here is my first solution:

while [ 1 ]; do echo -e -n "-"; sleep 0.3; echo -e -n "\b\b"; echo -e -n "/"; sleep 0.3; echo -e -n "\b\b"; echo -e -n "|"; sleep 0.3; echo -e -n "\b\b"; echo -e -n "\\"; sleep 0.3; echo -e -n "\b\b"; done

while [ 1 ]; do echo -e -n "-"; sleep 0.3 ;echo -e "\b\b"; echo -e -n "/"; sleep 0.3; echo -e "\b\b"; echo -e -n "|"; sleep 0.3; echo -e "\b\b"; echo -e -n "\\"; sleep 0.3; echo -e "\b\b"; done

Acrobat reader: How to display the menu bar? F8
eps, ps: How to crop eps files? ps2epsi
Xanim: How to configure the exectable file?(0) Download the source from here (1) xmkmf (2) Edit Makefile: INCROOT=/msr/include/X11 (By default, X11 is missed for Fedora) (3) make

Geomview: How to convert an OFF file to a postscript or image file? Although one can do this by "File->Save->Postscrpt Snapshot", an alternative is to make Geomview read (that is, geomview -c) the following code, which is written in the Goemview Command Language:

(load "foo.off" geometry) # target file is foo.off
(backcolor "Camera" 1.0 1.0 1.0) # option to change the background colour to white
(transform world world world rotate 0.0 0.0 3.1415) # option to rotate the camera by 180 deg w.r.t. z axis
(snapshot targetcam "foo.ppm") # if create ppm
(snapshot targetcam "foo.eps" ps) # if create ps (eps)
(quit) # terminate Geomview

See the Geomview User Manual for the details. This can be a principle to create a movie from multiple OFF files. As another way to rotate the camera, xform-set command seems to be available:

(xform-set "worldgeom" transform {
   -0.66098124   -0.58615291    0.46853355      0
    0.74967486   -0.54319394    0.37804946      0
    0.032911874   0.60113454    0.79846591      0
    0.058235243   0.067941107  -1.5861588e-09   1
  }
)

This was not written by hand, but extracted from the file obtained by File->Save->Command.

GCC: Variadic macros. The following macro is what I have wanted in debugging because it allows to omit arguments. It works also for ICC.
```
#define debug(format, ...) fprintf (stderr, format, ## __VA_ARGS__)
```
Gnuplot: Syntax for PostScript enhanced option in Gnuplot. Many mathematical symbols are available on postscript terminal.
vi: Remove/Copy multiple lines. Great, but I cannot remember this...
seq: Print a sequence of numbers. e.g., seq -w 0 099
C: malloc returns null when run with Valgrind. I am not sure the details, but it seems that malloc does not check the memory exactly by default, but it does when valgrind. And, when the out of memory happens, OOM-killer kills the process that consumes a large amount of memory. In addition, "man malloc" says:
By default, Linux follows an optimistic memory allocation strategy. This means that when malloc() returns non-NULL there is no guarantee that the memory really is available. This is a really bad bug. In case it turns out that the system is out of memory, one or more pro‐ cesses will be killed by the infamous OOM killer. In case Linux is employed under circumstances where it would be less desirable to sud‐ denly lose some randomly picked processes, and moreover the kernel ver‐ sion is sufficiently recent, one can switch off this overcommitting behavior using a command like: # echo 2 > /proc/sys/vm/overcommit_memory
Gnuplot: Here is an example to implement a running average on Gnuplot.
OpenMP option: icc uses "-openmp", while gcc does "-fopenmp". If you give "-openmp" to gcc by accident, the option is recognised as "-o" to create an object file "penmp". This mistaken sometimes happens to me and makes me mad!
Linux: "nohup COMMAND [ARG]" can keep a command running even after logging out the terminal where the command was issued. I have believed that "screen" is the solo resolution to prevent such hungings. This must be more primitive.
Visualization of gprof: gprof a.out gmon.out | gprof2dot | dot -Tpng > foo.png
Word to PDF: pdf from MS Word "Save as PDF" looks terrible on Linux. Go "Save as", select "PDF", open "Option" dialog, check "ISO 19005-1", and then save the document.
LaTeX: Instalation of jsarticle class.
gcc: How to check the message for vectorization. Use -ftree-vectorizer-verbose=n, where n=1,2,..,9.
TeX: How to merge eps files into an eps file? 1. Create an ordinary TeX file, say foo.tex, that includes the eps files by includegraphics, 2. platex foo.tex, 3. dvips -E foo.tex, and 4. ps2eps foo.ps (where ps2eps is available via yum or the website), and 5. Fix the boundary box, if necessary, by eps2eps (see the below tip for the resolution issue of the command). *Note* ps2epsi is an alternative to ps2eps, but ps2epsi did not work when it is used with a certain converter from dvi to pdf, which might be an old version of dvipdfmx but I'm not really sure.
CUDA: If you have got the message "There is no device suppor returnting CUDA" or "NVIDIA: could not open the device file /dev/nvidiactl (No such file or directory).", run any CUDA applications (e.g. deviceQuery in CUDA SDK) or the script in the link.
bash: The return value of the previous command is obtained by "$?"
Firefox: If you encounter the message "413 request entity too large", the appropriate cookie should be removed by Edit->Preferences->Privacy->remove individual cookies. I had this issue when I was using Web of Science. I could resolve it by erazing some cookies regarding "Elsevier".
Unix: unzip -l xxx.zip
Gnuplot: set xlabel 'first line\n second line'
LaTex: \marginpar{}

bash & awk: If you want to use a bash variable (say $num) in the argument of awk, do as in

#!/bin/bash
# Read the second and "num"-th columns from a file named tmpfile
num=5
awk '{printf("%d %d\n", $2, $'${num}')}' tmpfile

Gnuplot & EPS: When "set size square" is used, the bounding box in the resulting EPS file is incorrect (as long as I know). To fix this, one may use eps2eps command, but it can spoil the quality of outlook (fonts). The following script can change only the bounding box:

#!/bin/bash
for fig in input.eps input2.eps input3.eps ...
do
  BBold=$(grep ^\%\%BoundingBox ${fig})
  work=tmptmptmp$$
  eps2eps ${fig} ${work} #Ensure that eps2eps is available on your system
  BBnew=$(grep ^\%\%BoundingBox ${work})
  sed s/"${BBold}"/"${BBnew}"/g ${fig} > ${work}
  mv ${work} ${fig}
  echo "Modified the bounding box of ${fig}"
done

LaTex & Evince: Use japanese fonts with evince. Put local.conf in /etc/fonts
pdflatex: Getting along with epstopdf rather than ps2pdf.
LaTex: Generate an EPSF file with a tight bounding box: dvips -E

Emacs: Truncate lines or not.

(setq truncate-lines t);
(setq truncate-partial-width-windows nil);

Gmail: Print mail on A4 paper.

Edit a mail saved in +draft or +queue. Type E.

Mew: Open attached files sent from Apple Male. Type :.

Xpdf: Package to support japanese. Follow the instructions in README. If you have the sazanami fonts, add the following lines in ~/.xpdfrc:

displayCIDFontTT        Adobe-Japan1    /msr/share/fonts/sazanami/gothic/sazanami-gothic.ttf
                                       {\pgf@snake@mirror\pgf@snake@raise}
                                       {\pgf@snake@mirror\pgf@snake@raise}
                                       {\pgf@snake@mirror\pgf@snake@raise}
                                       .zip u\pgf@snake@mirror\pgf@snake@raise}
                                       {\pgf@snake@mirror\pgf@snake@raise}
                                       {\pgf@snake@mirror\pgf@snake@raise}
                                       {\pgf@snake@mirror\pgf@snake@raise}
                                       {\pgf@snake@mirror\pgf@snake@raise}
                                       {\pgf@snake@mirror\pgf@snake@raise}
                                       {\pgf@snake@mirror\pgf@snake@raise}
                                       {\pgf@snake@mirror\pgf@snake@raise}
                                       {\pgf@snake@mirror\pgf@snake@raise}
                                       {\pgf@snake@mirror\pgf@snake@raise}
                                       {\pgf@snake@mirror\pgf@snake@raise}
displayCIDFontTT        Adobe-Japan1    /msr/share/fonts/sazanami/mincho/sazanami-mincho.ttf

gcc: cpp -dM /dev/null | less

CUDA SDK: Compiling NVIDIA_GPU_Computing_SDK: builtin_types.h: No such file or directory and

yum install *glut*

Washing machine: If the spin-drier doesn't work, clean the drain or call to service :-)

LaTeX: Use the following command if you want to type "for" with romanface in comments of lstlisting environment:

$\textrm{f{\thinspace}o{\thinspace}r}$

Without this in case of language=C, "for" comes in boldface. However this is just a workaround, not a proper way.

Linux: How to retrieve the data on the system "LINUX LVM". "fdisk -l" said "doesn't contain a valid partition table", but this does not matter for this problem... See also Partition Rescue mini HOWTO.

Mew: Correct the summary when it does not show any mails or seems somewhat strange. In '+inbox' directory, type 's' and choose 'all'. Then the summary will be updated.

Bash: Replace "_" with "\_" by sed command. For example, if you want to replace "a_b_c" with "a\_b\_c", type

echo "a_b_c" | sed s/_/\\\\_/g

Emacs: Turn off the message "File XXX is large (YYY MB), really open?"

(setq large-file-warning-threshold nil)

Unix: Back up files with rsync, which does not transfer symbolic links (on contrary, scp does)

rsync -av -e ssh SRC USER@HOST:/XXX/YYY/DST
rsync -av --delete -e ssh SRC USER@HOST:/XXX/YYY/DST

Emacs: Disable to raise superscripts and lower subscripts in TeX-mode

(eval-after-load "tex-mode" '(fset 'tex-font-lock-suscript 'ignore))

Linux: Invoke the preprocessor from GFortran

gfortran -x f95-cpp-input source.f90

Gnuplot: To display the window number of Screen on the title of Gnuplot, add the following line to your start-up file (e.g., "$HOME/.gnuplot"):

if(`if [ -n "$WINDOW" ]; then echo "1"; else echo "0"; fi`) set terminal x11 title "Gnuplot [screen: `echo $WINDOW`]"

Everything presented here comes with absolutely no warranty.
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